HubSpot Reports Q4 and Full Year 2018 Results

Published on February 12, 2019

HubSpot, Inc. (NYSE: HUBS), a leading growth platform, today announced financial results for the fourth quarter and full year ended December 31, 2018.

Financial Highlights:

Revenue

Fourth Quarter 2018:

Total revenue was $144.0 million, up 35% compared to Q4’17.
Subscription revenue was $136.8 million, up 35% compared to Q4’17.
Professional services and other revenue was $7.2 million, up 49% compared to Q4’17.

Full Year 2018:

Total revenue was $513.0 million, up 37% compared to 2017.
Subscription revenue was $487.5 million, up 37% compared to 2017.
Professional services and other revenue was $25.5 million, up 35% compared to 2017.

Operating Income (Loss)

Fourth Quarter 2018:

GAAP operating margin was (5.4%), compared to (8.9%) in Q4’17.
Non-GAAP operating margin was 9.8%, an improvement of approximately 5.7 percentage points from 4.1% in Q4’17.
GAAP operating loss was ($7.8) million, compared to ($9.4) million in Q4’17 2017.
Non-GAAP operating income was $14.2 million, compared to $4.3 million in Q4’17.

Full Year 2018:

GAAP operating margin was (9.4%), compared to (10.7%) in 2017.
Non-GAAP operating margin was 6.3%, an improvement of approximately 4 percentage points from 2.3% in 2017.
GAAP operating loss was ($48.3) million, compared to ($40.1) million in 2017.
Non-GAAP operating income was $32.1 million, compared to $8.6 million in 2017.

Net Income (Loss)

Fourth Quarter 2018:

GAAP net loss was ($11.5) million, or ($0.29) per basic and diluted share, compared to ($11.5) million, or ($0.31) per basic and diluted share, in Q4’17.
Non-GAAP net income was $15.8 million, or $0.40 per basic and $0.37 per diluted share, compared to $4.6 million, or $0.12 per basic and diluted share, in Q4’17.
Weighted average basic and diluted shares outstanding for GAAP net loss per share was 39.2 million, compared to 37.4 million basic and diluted shares, in Q4’17.
Weighted average basic and diluted shares outstanding for non-GAAP net income per share was 39.2 million and 43.0 million respectively, compared to 37.4 million and 40.0 million, respectively, in Q4’17.

Full Year 2018:

GAAP net loss was ($63.8) million, or ($1.66) per basic and diluted share, compared to ($39.7) million, or ($1.08) per basic and diluted share in 2017.
Non-GAAP net income was $36.9 million, or $0.96 per basic and $0.89 per diluted, compared to $9.8 million, or $0.27 per basic and $0.25 per diluted share, in 2017.
Weighted average basic and diluted shares outstanding for GAAP net loss per share was 38.5 million, compared to 36.8 million basic and diluted shares 2017.
Weighted average basic and diluted shares outstanding for non-GAAP net income per share was 38.5 million and 41.6 million respectively, compared to 36.8 million and 38.8 million, respectively, in 2017.

Balance Sheet and Cash Flow

The company’s cash, cash equivalents and investments balance was $603.7 million as of December 31, 2018.
During the fourth quarter, the company generated $25.1 million of free cash flow compared to $7.0 million during Q4’17.
The company generated $51.4 million of free cash flow in 2018 compared to $22.3 million in 2017.

Additional Recent Business Highlights

Grew total customers to 56,628 at December 31, 2018, up 36% from December 31, 2017.
Total average subscription revenue per customer was $10,012 during the fourth quarter of 2018 down 2% compared to the fourth quarter of 2017.

“2018 was one of the best years in our history,” said Brian Halligan, co-founder and CEO. “We started the year with a really strong marketing application business that helped our customers generate leads and a fast-growing sales enablement business. We ended the year with a full suite of marketing, sales and customer service products that helps our customers grow better by crafting a remarkable experience for their customers. We’re extremely pleased with our Q4 results, and I’m very excited on the outlook for our business entering 2019.”

Business Outlook
Based on information available as of February 12, 2019, HubSpot is issuing guidance for the first quarter of 2019 and full year 2019 as indicated below.

First Quarter 2019:

Total revenue is expected to be in the range of $146.5 million to $147.5 million.
Non-GAAP operating income is expected to be in the range of $9.5 million to $10.5 million.
Non-GAAP net income per common share is expected to be in the range of $0.23 to $0.25. This assumes approximately 44.4 million weighted average diluted shares outstanding.

Full Year 2019:

Total revenue is expected to be in the range of $648 million to $652 million.
Non-GAAP operating income is expected to in be in the range of $46 million to $50 million.
Non-GAAP net income per common share is expected to be in the range of $1.08 to $1.16. This assumes approximately 45.6 million weighted average diluted shares outstanding.

Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures

In our earnings press releases, conference calls, slide presentations, and webcasts, we may use or discuss non-GAAP financial measures, as defined by Regulation G. The GAAP financial measure most directly comparable to each non-GAAP financial measure used or discussed, and a reconciliation of the differences between each non-GAAP financial measure and the comparable GAAP financial measure, are included in this press release after the consolidated financial statements. Our earnings press releases containing such non-GAAP reconciliations can be found in the Investors section of our website at ir.hubspot.com.

Conference Call Information

HubSpot will host a conference call on Tuesday, February 12, 2019 at 4:30 p.m. Eastern Time (ET) to discuss the company's fourth quarter and full-year financial results and its business outlook. To access this call, dial (833) 241-7257 (domestic) or (647) 689-4221 (international). The conference ID is 3037758. Additionally, a live webcast of the conference call will be available on HubSpot’s Investor Relations website at ir.hubspot.com.

Following the conference call, a replay will be available at (800) 585-8367 (domestic) or (416) 621-4642 (international). The replay pass code is 3037758. An archived webcast of this conference call will also be available on HubSpot’s Investor Relations website at ir.hubspot.com.

The company has used, and intends to continue to use, the investor relations portion of its website as a means of disclosing material non-public information and for complying with disclosure obligations under Regulation FD.

About HubSpot
HubSpot is a leading growth platform. Over 56,500 total customers in over 100 countries use HubSpot’s award-winning software, services, and support to transform the way they attract, engage, and delight customers. Learn more at www.hubspot.com.

Cautionary Language Concerning Forward-Looking Statements
This press release includes certain “forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including statements regarding management’s expectations of future financial and operational performance and operational expenditures, expected growth, and business outlook, including our financial guidance for the first fiscal quarter and full year 2019; and statements regarding our positioning for future growth. These forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, plans, objectives, expectations and intentions and other statements contained in this press release that are not historical facts and statements identified by words such as "expects," "anticipates," "intends," "plans," "believes," "seeks," "estimates" or words of similar meaning. These forward-looking statements reflect our current views about our plans, intentions, expectations, strategies and prospects, which are based on the information currently available to us and on assumptions we have made. Although we believe that our plans, intentions, expectations, strategies and prospects as reflected in or suggested by those forward-looking statements are reasonable, we can give no assurance that the plans, intentions, expectations or strategies will be attained or achieved. Furthermore, actual results may differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements and will be affected by a variety of risks and factors that are beyond our control including, without limitation, our history of losses, our ability to retain existing customers and add new customers, the continued growth of the market for an inbound platform; our ability to differentiate our platform from competing products and technologies; our ability to manage our growth effectively to maintain our high level of service; our ability to maintain and expand relationships with our marketing agency partners; our ability to successfully acquire and integrate companies and assets; our ability to successfully recruit and retain highly-qualified personnel; the price volatility of our common stock, and other risks set forth under the caption "Risk Factors" in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on November 7, 2018 and our other SEC filings. We assume no obligation to update any forward-looking statements contained in this document as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(in thousands)

	December 31,		December 31,
	2018		2017
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	111,489	$	87,680
Short-term investments		480,761		416,663
Accounts receivable		77,100		60,676
Deferred commission expense		23,664		13,343
Restricted cash		5,175		4,757
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		14,229		19,382
Total current assets		712,418		602,501
Long-term investments		11,450		31,394
Property and equipment, net		52,468		43,294
Capitalized software development costs, net		12,746		8,760
Deferred commission expense, net of current portion		18,114		—
Other assets		6,888		4,964
Intangible assets		4,919		6,312
Goodwill		14,950		14,950
Total assets	$	833,953	$	712,175
Liabilities and stockholders’ equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	7,810	$	4,657
Accrued compensation costs		23,589		16,329
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		22,305		20,430
Deferred revenue		183,305		136,880
Total current liabilities		237,009		178,296
Deferred rent, net of current portion		26,445		18,868
Deferred revenue, net of current portion		2,179		2,277
Other long-term liabilities		4,897		3,927
Convertible senior notes		318,782		298,447
Total liabilities		589,312		501,815
Stockholders’ equity:
Common stock		40		38
Additional paid-in capital		589,708		496,461
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(723)		(57)
Accumulated deficit		(344,384)		(286,082)
Total stockholders’ equity		244,641		210,360
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	833,953	$	712,175

Consolidated Statements of Operations

(in thousands, except per share data)

	For the Three Months Ended December 31,						Year Ended December 31,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
Revenues:
Subscription	$	136,804		$	101,697		$	487,450		$	356,727
Professional services and other		7,218			4,844			25,530			18,885
Total revenue		144,022			106,541			512,980			375,612
Cost of revenues:
Subscription		19,742			14,729			69,718			51,563
Professional services and other		7,622			6,327			30,639			24,166
Total cost of revenues		27,364			21,056			100,357			75,729
Gross profit		116,658			85,485			412,623			299,883
Operating expenses:
Research and development		32,005			22,286			117,603			70,373
Sales and marketing		70,960			57,575			267,444			212,859
General and administrative		21,525			15,057			75,834			56,787
Total operating expenses		124,490			94,918			460,881			340,019
Loss from operations		(7,832	)		(9,433	)		(48,258	)		(40,136	)
Other expense:
Interest income		2,844			1,526			9,176			3,837
Interest expense		(5,493	)		(5,234	)		(21,386	)		(13,181	)
Other expense		(405	)		(308	)		(1,492	)		(559	)
Total other expense		(3,054	)		(4,016	)		(13,702	)		(9,903	)
Loss before income tax (expense) benefit		(10,886	)		(13,449	)		(61,960	)		(50,039	)
Income tax (expense) benefit		(606	)		1,914			(1,868	)		10,325
Net loss	$	(11,492	)	$	(11,535	)	$	(63,828	)	$	(39,714	)
Net loss per share, basic and diluted	$	(0.29	)	$	(0.31	)	$	(1.66	)	$	(1.08	)
Weighted average common shares used in computing basic and diluted net loss per share:		39,153			37,385			38,529			36,827

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(in thousands)

	Three Months Ended December, 31						Year Ended December 31,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
Operating Activities:
Net loss	$	(11,492	)	$	(11,535	)	$	(63,828	)	$	(39,714	)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash and cash equivalents provided by operating activities
Depreciation and amortization		6,889			4,663			23,428			15,786
Stock-based compensation		20,927			12,898			76,261			47,317
Deferred income tax expense (benefit)		(7	)		(2,421	)		36			(11,546	)
Amortization of debt discount and issuance costs		5,232			4,884			20,335			12,366
Accretion of bond discount		(2,270	)		(829	)		(6,787	)		(1,576	)
Noncash rent expense		364			696			2,336			5,039
Unrealized currency translation		268			209			483			(139	)
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of acquisition
Accounts receivable		(14,460	)		(11,670	)		(17,726	)		(20,180	)
Prepaid expenses and other assets		3,057			(225	)		3,880			(5,588	)
Deferred commission expense		(8,013	)		(1,993	)		(23,900	)		(4,004	)
Accounts payable		(964	)		(456	)		3,298			1,100
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		8,165			1,357			11,920			8,195
Deferred rent		1,812			(22	)		5,799			3,559
Deferred revenue		23,603			18,438			49,316			38,999
Net cash and cash equivalents provided by operating activities		33,111			13,994			84,851			49,614
Investing Activities:
Purchases of investments		(156,794	)		(317,373	)		(681,632	)		(890,009	)
Maturities and sales of investments		145,525			220,600			644,375			533,660
Purchases of property and equipment		(5,617	)		(5,187	)		(22,305	)		(20,276	)
Capitalization of software development costs		(2,442	)		(1,765	)		(11,168	)		(7,071	)
Acquisition of a business and purchase of technology		—			—			—			(9,415	)
Purchases of strategic investments		(200	)		(700	)		(500	)		(3,500	)
Net cash and cash equivalents used in investing activities		(19,528	)		(104,425	)		(71,230	)		(396,611	)
Financing Activities:
Employee taxes paid related to the net share settlement of stock-based awards		(2,100	)		(1,265	)		(8,033	)		(4,419	)
Proceeds related to the issuance of common stock under stock plans		4,786			2,677			21,555			13,086
Proceeds of the issuance of convertible notes, net of issuance costs paid of $10,767		—			—			—			389,233
Purchase of note hedge related to convertible notes		—			—			—			(78,920	)
Proceeds from the issuance of warrants related to convertible notes, net of issuance costs of $200		—			—			—			58,880
Repayments of capital lease obligations		(152	)		(267	)		(744	)		(1,054	)
Net cash and cash equivalents provided by financing activities		2,534			1,145			12,778			376,806
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash		(750	)		221			(2,069	)		2,790
Net increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash		15,367			(89,065	)		24,330			32,599
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period		101,747			181,849			92,784			60,185
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period	$	117,114		$	92,784		$	117,114		$	92,784

Reconciliation of non-GAAP operating income and operating margin (in thousands, except percentages)	Three Months Ended December 31,						Year ended December 31,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
GAAP operating loss	$	(7,832	)	$	(9,433	)	$	(48,258	)	$	(40,136	)
Stock-based compensation		20,927			12,898			76,261			47,317
Amortization of acquired intangible assets		800			50			1,394			103
Acquisition related expenses		289			827			2,696			1,266
Non-GAAP operating income	$	14,184		$	4,342		$	32,093		$	8,550

GAAP operating margin		(5.4	%)		(8.9	%)		(9.4	%)		(10.7	%)
Non-GAAP operating margin		9.8	%		4.1	%		6.3	%		2.3	%

Reconciliation of non-GAAP net income (in thousands, except per share amounts)	Three Months Ended December 31,						Year ended December 31,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
GAAP net loss	$	(11,492	)	$	(11,535	)	$	(63,828	)	$	(39,714	)
Stock-based compensation		20,927			12,898			76,261			47,317
Amortization of acquired intangibles assets		800			50			1,394			103
Acquisition related expenses		289			827			2,696			1,266
Non-cash interest expense for amortization of debt discount and debt issuance costs		5,232			4,884			20,335			12,367
Deferred income tax benefit from convertible notes and business combination		—			(2,480	)		—			(11,573	)
Income tax effects of non-GAAP items		—			—			—			—
Non-GAAP net income	$	15,756		$	4,644		$	36,858		$	9,766

Non-GAAP net income per share:
Basic	$	0.40		$	0.12		$	0.96		$	0.27
Diluted	$	0.37		$	0.12		$	0.89		$	0.25
Shares used in non-GAAP per share calculations
Basic		39,153			37,385			38,529			36,827
Diluted		43,024			39,978			41,595			38,798

Reconciliation of non-GAAP expense and expense as a percentage of revenue
(in thousands, except percentages)
	Three Months Ended December 31,
	2018															2017
	COS, Subscription			COS, Prof. services & other			R&D			S&M			G&A			COS, Subscription			COS, Prof. services & other			R&D			S&M			G&A
GAAP expense	$	19,742		$	7,622		$	32,005		$	70,960		$	21,525		$	14,729		$	6,327		$	22,286		$	57,575		$	15,057
Stock -based compensation		(491	)		(585	)		(6,462	)		(8,772	)		(4,617	)		(203	)		(620	)		(3,803	)		(5,127	)		(3,145	)
Amortization of acquired intangible assets		(800	)		—			—			—			—			(50	)		—			—			—			—
Acquisition related expenses		—			—			(289	)		—			—			—			—			(827	)		—			—
Non-GAAP expense	$	18,451		$	7,037		$	25,254		$	62,188		$	16,908		$	14,476		$	5,707		$	17,656		$	52,448		$	11,912

GAAP expense as a percentage of revenue		13.7	%		5.3	%		22.2	%		49.3	%		14.9	%		13.8	%		5.9	%		20.9	%		54.0	%		14.1	%
Non-GAAP expense as a percentage of revenue		12.8	%		4.9	%		17.5	%		43.2	%		11.7	%		13.6	%		5.4	%		16.6	%		49.2	%		11.2	%



	Year ended December 31,
	2018															2017
	COS, Subscription			COS, Prof. services & other			R&D			S&M			G&A			COS, Subscription			COS, Prof. services & other			R&D			S&M			G&A
GAAP expense	$	69,718		$	30,639		$	117,603		$	267,444		$	75,834		$	51,563		$	24,166		$	70,373		$	212,859		$	56,787
Stock -based compensation		(1,476	)		(2,924	)		(23,328	)		(31,099	)		(17,434	)		(658	)		(2,327	)		(12,816	)		(19,016	)		(12,500	)
Amortization of acquired intangible assets		(1,394	)		—			—			—			—			(96	)		—			—			(7	)		—
Acquisition related expenses		—			—			(2,696	)		—			—			—			—			(1,266	)		—			—
Non-GAAP expense	$	66,848		$	27,715		$	91,579		$	236,345		$	58,400		$	50,809		$	21,839		$	56,291		$	193,836		$	44,287

GAAP expense as a percentage of revenue		13.6	%		6.0	%		22.9	%		52.1	%		14.8	%		13.7	%		6.4	%		18.7	%		56.7	%		15.1	%
Non-GAAP expense as a percentage of revenue		13.0	%		5.4	%		17.9	%		46.1	%		11.4	%		13.5	%		5.8	%		15.0	%		51.6	%		11.8	%

Reconciliation of non-GAAP subscription margin
(in thousands, except percentages)
	Three Months Ended December 31,						Year ended December 31,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
GAAP subscription margin	$	117,062		$	86,968		$	417,732		$	305,164
Stock -based compensation		491			203			1,476			658
Amortization of acquired intangible assets		800			50			1,394			96
Non-GAAP subscription margin	$	118,353		$	87,221		$	420,602		$	305,918

GAAP subscription margin percentage		85.6	%		85.5	%		85.7	%		85.5	%
Non-GAAP subscription margin percentage		86.5	%		85.8	%		86.3	%		85.8	%

Reconciliation of free cash flow
(in thousands)

	Three Months Ended December 31,						Year ended December 31,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
GAAP net cash and cash equivalents provided by operating activities	$	33,111		$	13,994		$	84,851		$	49,614
Purchases of property and equipment		(5,617	)		(5,187	)		(22,305	)		(20,276	)
Capitalization of software development costs		(2,442	)		(1,765	)		(11,168	)		(7,071	)
Free cash flow	$	25,052		$	7,042		$	51,378		$	22,267

Reconciliation of forecasted non-GAAP operating income (in thousands, except percentages)
	Three Months Ended March, 31 2019		Year Ended December 31, 2019
GAAP operating income range	($12,030)-($11,030)		($61,230)-($57,230)
Stock-based compensation		20,700		104,000
Amortization of acquired intangible assets		800		3,100
Acquisition related expenses		30		130
Non-GAAP operating income range	$9,500-$10,500		$46,000-$50,000

Reconciliation of forecasted non-GAAP net income and non-GAAP net income per share (in thousands, except per share amounts)

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2019		Year Ended December 31, 2019
GAAP net loss range	($16,730)-($15,730)		($79,930-75,930)
Stock-based compensation		20,700		104,000
Amortization of acquired intangible assets		800		3,100
Acquisition related expenses		30		130
Non-cash interest expense for amortization of debt discount and debt issuance costs		5,300		21,800
Income tax effects of non-GAAP items	$	—	$	—
Non-GAAP net income range	$10,100-$11,100		$49,100-$53,100

GAAP net income per basic and diluted share	($0.42)-($0.40)		($1.98)-($1.88)
Non-GAAP net income per diluted share	$0.23-$0.25		$1.08-$1.16


Weighted average common shares used in computing GAAP basic and diluted net loss per share:		39,600		40,300

Weighted average common shares used in computing non-GAAP diluted net loss per share:		44,400		45,600

HubSpot’s estimates of stock-based compensation, amortization of acquired intangible assets, acquisition-related expenses, and non-cash interest expense for amortization of debt discount and debt issuance costs in future periods assume, among other things, the occurrence of no additional acquisitions, investments or restructurings, and no further revisions to stock-based compensation and related expenses.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

We report our financial results in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, or GAAP. However, management believes that, in order to properly understand our short-term and long-term financial and operational trends, investors may wish to consider the impact of certain non-cash or non-recurring items when used as a supplement to financial performance measures in accordance with GAAP. These items result from facts and circumstances that vary in frequency and impact on continuing operations. In this release, HubSpot’s non-GAAP operating income, operating margin, subscription margin, expense, expense as a percentage of revenue, net income, and free cash flow are not presented in accordance with GAAP and are not intended to be used in lieu of GAAP presentations of results of operations.

Management believes that these non-GAAP financial measures provide additional means of evaluating period-over-period operating performance. Specifically, these non-GAAP financial measures provide management with additional means to understand and evaluate the operating results and trends in our ongoing business by eliminating certain non-cash expenses and other items that management believes might otherwise make comparisons of our ongoing business with prior periods more difficult, obscure trends in ongoing operations, or reduce management’s ability to make useful forecasts. In addition, management understands that some investors and financial analysts find this information helpful in analyzing our financial and operational performance and comparing this performance to our peers and competitors. However, these non-GAAP financial measures have limitations as an analytical tool and are not intended to be an alternative to financial measures prepared in accordance with GAAP. In addition, it should be noted that these non-GAAP financial measures may be different from non-GAAP measures used by other companies. We intend to provide these non-GAAP financial measures as part of our future earnings discussions and, therefore, the inclusion of these non-GAAP financial measures will provide consistency in our financial reporting. Management may, however, utilize other measures to illustrate performance in the future. Investors are encouraged to review the reconciliation of these non-GAAP measures to their most directly comparable GAAP financial measures. A reconciliation of our non-GAAP financial measures to their most directly comparable GAAP measures has been provided in the financial statement tables included above in this press release.

These non-GAAP measures exclude stock-based compensation, amortization of acquired intangible assets, acquisition related expenses, non-cash interest expense for the amortization of debt discount debt issuance costs, the deferred income tax benefit from convertible notes and acquisitions, and income tax effects of non-GAAP items. We believe investors may want to exclude the effects of these items in order to compare our financial performance with that of other companies and between time periods:

Stock-based compensation is a non-cash expense accounted for in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718. We believe that the exclusion of stock-based compensation expense allows for financial results that are more indicative of our operational performance and provide for a useful comparison of our operating results to prior periods and to our peer companies because stock-based compensation expense varies from period to period and company to company due to such things as differing valuation methodologies and changes in stock price.
Expense for the amortization of acquired intangible assets is a non-cash item, and we believe that the exclusion of this amortization expense provides for a useful comparison of our operating results to prior periods and to our peer companies.
Acquisition related expenses, such as transaction costs and retention payments, are expenses that are not necessarily reflective of operational performance during a period. We believe that the exclusion of this these expenses provides for a useful comparison of our operating results to prior periods and to our peer companies.
In May 2017, the Company issued $400 million of convertible notes due in 2022 with a coupon interest rate of 0.25%. The imputed interest rate of the convertible senior notes was approximately 6.95%. This is a result of the debt discount recorded for the conversion feature that is required to be separately accounted for as equity, and debt issuance costs, which reduce the carrying value of the convertible debt instrument. The debt discount is amortized as interest expense together with the issuance costs of the debt. The expense for the amortization of debt discount and debt issuance costs is a non-cash item, and we believe the exclusion of this interest expense provides for a useful comparison of our operating results to prior periods and to our peer companies.
The deferred income tax benefit from the convertible notes issued in May 2017 is a non-cash item created by the difference in the carrying amount and tax basis of the convertible notes. This taxable temporary difference resulted in the Company recognizing a $9.4 million deferred tax liability which was recorded as an adjustment to additional paid-in capital on the consolidated balance sheet. The creation of the deferred tax liability is recognized as a component of equity and represents a source of future taxable income which supports the realization of a portion of the income tax benefit associated with the current year loss from operations. The deferred income tax benefit from the convertible notes is a non-cash item that is unique to the issuance of the Company’s convertible notes, and we believe the exclusion of this deferred tax benefit provides for a useful comparison of our operating results to prior periods and to our peer companies.
The deferred income tax benefit from the business combination entered into in September 2017 is a non-cash item created by the difference in the carrying amount and tax basis of the assets and liabilities acquired. This taxable temporary difference resulted in the Company recognizing a $2.2 million deferred tax liability which was recorded as an adjustment to goodwill on the consolidated balance sheet. The creation of the deferred tax liability represents a source of future taxable income which supports the realization of a portion of the income tax benefit associated with historical net operating losses. The deferred income tax benefit from the business combination is a non-cash item that is unique to the business combination, and we believe the exclusion of this deferred tax benefit provides for a useful comparison of our operating results to prior periods and to our peer companies.
The effects of income taxes on non-GAAP items for current and historical periods is zero due to our history of non-GAAP losses and a full valuation allowance on our U.S. deferred tax assets.

Investor Relations Contact:
Charles MacGlashing
investors@hubspot.com

Media Contact:
Ellie Flanagan
eflanagan@hubspot.com

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